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Based on years of archival research and interviews with the last surviving aides and Roosevelt family members, Nigel Hamilton offers a definitive account of FDR’s masterful—and underappreciated—command of the Allied war effort. Hamilton takes readers inside FDR’s White House Oval Study—his personal command center—and into the meetings where he battled with Churchill about strategy and tactics and overrode the near mutinies of his own generals and secretary of war.
Time and again, FDR was proven right and his allies and generals were wrong. When the generals wanted to attack the Nazi-fortified coast of France, FDR knew the Allied forces weren’t ready. When Churchill insisted his Far East colonies were loyal and would resist the Japanese, Roosevelt knew it was a fantasy. As Hamilton’s account reaches its climax with the Torch landings in North Africa in late 1942, the tide of war turns in the Allies’ favor and FDR’s genius for psychology and military affairs is clear. This intimate, sweeping look at a great president in history’s greatest conflict is must reading.
- Sales Rank: #38968 in Books
- Brand: Hamilton, Nigel
- Published on: 2014-05-13
- Released on: 2014-05-13
- Original language: English
- Number of items: 1
- Dimensions: 9.25" h x 6.25" w x 1.50" l, 1.70 pounds
- Binding: Hardcover
- 528 pages
From Booklist
A popular biographer of various twentieth-century leaders, Hamilton here addresses a seemingly exhausted subject. Not so, he avers. FDR’s leadership as commander-in-chief is a space Hamilton offers to fill with this work. The first of two projected volumes, it chronologically extends from FDR’s August 1941 meeting with Churchill to the November 1942 Allied landings in French North Africa. Thematically, Hamilton depicts FDR’s assertion of his authority over American army and navy chiefs and, increasingly over time, Churchill. Palpably gleeful when pinpointing unflattering episodes these figures omitted from their memoirs, Hamilton is tantamount to the amanuensis for the memoir FDR never wrote. The portrait that emerges is complimentary and praises FDR as a strategist superior both to fellow Allies and to Axis enemies. He insisted MacArthur fight in the Philippines, he rejected British requests to defend India, he refuted his military officers’ proposals to invade France and to concentrate on Japan, and he ordered them to carry out Operation Torch, the North African invasion. Well researched and confident in its conclusions, Hamilton’s study ably augments the gallery of WWII leaders. --Gilbert Taylor
Review
"The Mantle of Command is splendid: It’s the memoir Roosevelt didn’t get to write."
—New York Times Book Review
"Masterly."
—Wall Street Journal
—H.W. Brands, author of Traitor to His Class: The Privileged Life and Radical Presidency of Franklin Delano Roosevelt
"Nigel Hamilton’s Mantle of Command is a stirring and noteworthy book about Roosevelt’s crucial role as commander-in-chief during World War II. Hamilton writes with insight, passion, and a great grasp of history. I believe this book will become the standard by which other books about FDR’s role in World War II will be measured." — Carlo D’Este, author of Patton: A Genius for War and Warlord: A Life of Churchill at War, 1874–1945
"This is not the Roosevelt (or Churchill) you'd expect. From the start, an aggressive, in-charge FDR emerges from a wonderful weaving of established scholarship and the fascinating bits and pieces that make history live. Churchill is an inspirational nag, with a busy, unfocused strategic vision. A key entry into the ongoing debate over who made grand strategy in the early war years — Roosevelt or Churchill?" — Warren F. Kimball, author of Forged in War: Roosevelt, Churchill, and the Second World War
"Nigel Hamilton in Mantle of Command presents a very different wartime Franklin Delano Roosevelt than the one we are used to seeing. Whether or not one agrees with all his conclusions, Hamilton clearly shows that FDR was an extremely strong and effective commander-in-chief. This volume should go a long way to dispelling popular myths about Roosevelt as a naïve and weak war leader."
— Mark Stoler, editor of the George C. Marshall Papers & Professor Emeritus of History, University of Vermont
"Nigel Hamilton has written a spirited and thoughtful ‘revisionist’ study of Franklin Delano Roosevelt as commander-in-chief during the first phase of U.S. involvement in the Second World War. Hamilton’s narrative skill brings alive the human dramas, logistic hurdles, and strategic debates to show how FDR’s indispensable drive and forward-looking leadership tamed his own ‘team of rivals’ and set the United States and its Allies on the road to victory over the Axis. The books enlivens the often murky worlds of bureaucratic struggle and military detail to demonstrate how important it was for the United States to ‘get it right’ early in the war and how FDR accomplished this."
—Michael Schaller, author of Douglas MacArthur & Regents Professor of History, University of Arizona
From the Inside Flap
A dramatic, eye-opening account of how FDR took personal charge of the military direction of World War II
Based on years of archival research and interviews with the last surviving Roosevelt aides and family members, The Mantle of Command offers a definitive account of Franklin Delano Roosevelt’s masterful — and underappreciated — leadership of the Allied war effort. Nigel Hamilton brings readers inside FDR’s White House Oval Study — his personal command center — and inside the meetings where he battled with Churchill about strategy and tactics and overrode the near mutinies of his own generals and secretary of war. Time and again FDR was proven right and his allies and generals were wrong. When the generals wanted to attack the Nazi-fortified coast of France, FDR knew the Allied forces weren’t ready. When Churchill insisted that his Far East colonies were loyal and would resist the Japanese, Roosevelt knew it was a fantasy. As Hamilton’s account reaches its climax with the Torch landings in North Africa in late 1942, the tide of war turns in the Allies’ favor and FDR’s genius for psychology and military affairs is clear. This intimate, sweeping look at a great president in history’s greatest conflict is essential reading.
Most helpful customer reviews
38 of 40 people found the following review helpful.
Interesting and unabashedly partisan, but far from boring
By David Tooke
First, the good points: 1. Breezy and readable. 2. Useful and unusual perspective on FDR's conflicts with the War Dept and Chiefs of Staff, and on how poorly the war was going for the UK, especially in light of Churchill's consistently poor choices for commanding generals. 3. Use of some unusual sources, notably Daisy Suckley's diary, Ian Jacob's diary, and so on.
Now for the bad points: 1. Sometimes, it's TOO breezy, given the serious issues the author wants to deal with. 2. When it comes to Marshall and others who opposed Torch, Hamilton is certainly correct that FDR had a better sense of what the 1942 US military was capable of than the on-to-Berlin-immediately crowd, but he does not seem to understand that rather than them having been motivated by mere stubborn-ness or petulance, the military men were (I think) simply following the best military theory -- don't divert resources to the periphery, concentrate your forces on the enemy's main force (Clausewitz, Jomini). 3. Some of the unusual sources are a bit off-point and perhaps unreliable. Large swaths of Goebbels' diary are quoted. Daisy Suckley is interesting on FDR's personality, but not on grand strategy.
In sum, this is an interesting read. Especially for those who can take it with a grain of salt. The author can't seem to decide how to integrate his two themes -- what a great man FDR was personally in terms of moral vision and ability to motivate -- with the grand strategy theme (how to go about winning the war).
A final point: While reading the book, I was struck by how Hamilton, a Brit, was remorseless brutal in condemning British military performance (and Churchill's leadership) in the 1939 to 1942 period (and there is much to condemn); most writers tend to cut the UK some slack for their failures. In the acknowledgements at the very end of the book, Hamilton reveals that he was General Montgomery's "virtual godson", which no doubt gives him a certain parti pris on the performance of OTHER British generals.
Kudos for making the acknowledgement, but it should have come in a Foreword!
48 of 53 people found the following review helpful.
Well written, eye-opening account of FDR as commander-in-chief
By Hal Jordan
Winston Churchill survived World War II to write a six-volume memoir in which he -- naturally -- portrayed his leadership, including his military leadership, in a very favorable light. Most of the Allied senior commanders also wrote memoirs in which -- naturally, once again -- they burnished their images and highlighted the important roles they played in the conflict. Franklin Roosevelt died before the war's end, and although he left some notes for a future memoir, he was accordingly unable to provide an account of his wartime leadership as commander-in-chief.
Nigel Hamilton argues strongly that because FDR did not live to write a memoir, both other leading figures on the Allied side and, more tellingly, most historians have downplayed or overlooked how well FDR discharged his duties as commander-in-chief. Hamilton makes a compelling case that FDR was truly the indispensable man, realizing just what was required to rally the American public for a struggle that many had opposed right up to December 7, 1941, and dealing adroitly with Churchill at a time when the British army was encountering one setback after another. Hamilton argues that Roosevelt's time as assistant secretary of the navy during World War I was crucial in providing him with the perspective necessary to evaluate the strategic position of the United States and the advice pushed on him by George Marshall and the other senior U.S. commanders. In fact, Hamilton shows convincingly that Roosevelt's strategic judgement was generally superior to that of his military advisers, particularly in overruling their push for an immediate cross-channel invasion of Europe in favor of an invasion of North Africa.
This volume -- a second is planned -- discusses Roosevelt's actions from his meeting with Churchill in August 1941 to hammer out the Atlantic Charter through the Allied invasion of North Africa in November 1942. By focusing on that relatively narrow time interval, Hamilton is able to provide a thorough account of FDR's decisions with respect to both the Atlantic and Pacific theaters during this crucial year and a half.
Hamilton is a terrific writer and this book is a fast and enjoyable read. I have read a number of general histories of World War II and I would have to agree that most historians have overlooked many of the aspects of FDR's leadership that Hamilton highlights. There are also several areas, such as the strong push that FDR made to get Churchill to offer self-government to India, that Hamilton argues should receive greater emphasis in discussing the evolution of Allied strategy.
Hamilton has used a number of primary sources, including interviews he conducted with a couple of FDR's surviving aides. Some chapters, though, such as the one on Pearl Harbor, rely almost entirely on secondary sources. So, perhaps Hamilton may be exaggerating, if only a tad, how original his thesis is.
In any event, I learned a great deal from this book and I would expect that most other general readers will as well.
43 of 49 people found the following review helpful.
Roosevelt's Triumphant Conduct in World War Two
By George Webster, Ph.D.,
This is a splendid book. The author has made an exhaustive study of documents relating to the Oval Office during 1941 and 1942. Although the United States had been aiding the Allies (especially Britain) during 1940 and 1941, America had no thought of danger to its territory. The Pearl Harbor attack and subsequent losses, showed that the American Military was woefully unprepared for war. Recognizing that the assembly of a world-class fighting force would take time, Roosevelt worked to put this force together. In doing this, he had to overcome constant debate with his Generals and Admirals, with his cabinet members, and with Winston Churchill's attempts to direct the pathway of America's war effort. The bickering is amazing. Still, Roosevelt stuck to his brilliant plan to hold off the Japanese forces and conduct limited war against Hitler. During 1942 and 1943, millions of American draftees were trained for combat, and American Industry created a miracle of production of hundreds of warships, thousands of aircraft, and tens of thousands of tanks and guns, until Roosevelt ordered all-out attacks that defeated the Nazis and the Japanese. The mountain of documents examined shows Roosevelt's ability to choose the right path to victory. I found this book fascinating, and I suspect it may be equally-enjoyable to readers interested in American history.
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